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Lake Hazen is often called the northernmost lake of Canada, in the northern part of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, but detailed maps show several smaller lakes up to more than farther north on Canada's northernmost island. Turnabout Lake is immediately northeast of the northern end of Hazen lake. Still further north are the Upper and Lower Lakes, with Upper Dumbell Lake southwest of Alert, Canada's northernmost settlement on the coast of Lincoln Sea, Arctic Ocean.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Description of Lake Hazen )〕 The northeastern end of Lake Hazen is southwest of Alert. Lake Hazen is the world's largest lake north of the Arctic Circle by volume. By surface area, it is third largest, after Lake Taymyr in Russia and Lake Inari in Finland. Lake Hazen is long and up to wide, with an area of .〔Mark Nuttal: ''Encyclopedia of the Artctic''. Routledge, 2012, ISBN 9781136786808, S. 835-836 ()〕 It stretches in a southwest-northeast direction from to . The lake is up to deep and has an estimated volume of 51.4 km3.〔G. KÖCK, D. MUIR, F. YANG, X. WANG, C. TALBOT, N. GANTNER, D. MOSER: (''Bathymetry and Sediment Geochemistry of Lake Hazen (Quttinirpaaq National Park, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut)'' ). Arctic, Vol. 65, No. 1 (MARCH 2012), pp. 56-66 ((JSTOR ))〕 The shoreline is long and above sea level. It has several islands, the largest of them being Johns Island, which is long and less than wide, also extending in a southwest-northeast direction like the lake itself. Other islands include Gatter Island, Clay Island (both close to the northeastern shore), Whisler Island, and Dyas Island (both close to the southern shore). The lake is covered by ice about ten months a year. It is fed by glaciers from the surrounding Eureka Uplands (Palaeozoic rocks north of the lake, rising up to above sea level), most importantly Henrietta Nesmith and the Gilmour Glaciers, and drained by long Ruggles River which flows into Chandler Fjord on the northern east coast of Ellesmere Land. The lake is flanked by the Arctic Cordillera. The area around the lake is a thermal oasis within a polar desert, with summer temperatures up to .〔 The lake is part of Quttinirpaaq National Park. Artifacts of Thule civilization were discovered near Lake Hazen in 2004. Thule preceded the Inuit. In 1882, Augustus Greely discovered the lake during his expedition 1881-1883. Greely's base camp for the exploration was Fort Conger at the northeastern shore of Ellesmere Island, at , which was established as part of the first International Polar Year. Greely named the lake in honor of general William Babcock Hazen, who had organized the expedition.〔 Camp Hazen was established on the northern shore of the lake in 1957 during the International Geophysical Year (IGY), and has been used by various scientific parties since then. Lake Hazen is populated by a larger and a smaller morphotype of Arctic char. Recent studies indicate they are not anadromous, though Inuit traditional knowledge states otherwise.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Assessing the Health of the Lake Hazen Ecosystem, Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories at )〕 ==Named Inflows== All named rivers and creeks are listed in a clockwise manner, starting in the south: At the southwestern end (from south to north): *Very River *Adams River On the northwest coast (from southwest to northeast): *Turnstone River *Henrietta River *Ptarmigan Creek *Blister Creek *Skeleton Creek *Snow Goose River *Abbé River *Cuesta Creek *Mesa Creek *Gilman River At the northeast end (from north to south): *Turnabout River *Salor Creek On the southeast coast (only in the southwest, near the southwest end of the lake): *Cobb River *Traverse River 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lake Hazen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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